Dominican Republic 1965 Independence

Dominican Republic fight for Democracy

April 24, 1965 , Dominican armed forces attempted to overthrow the Constitutionalists , a junta created by it's citizens in support of the 1963 constitution. The armed forces fell and the junta succeeded . Fighting followed for days before the US acted on the uprising

April 28, 1965 , 400 US Marines were sent to the Dominican Republic to protect the US Embassy and to help evacuate innocent bystanders left in the battle zone. The number eventually grew to 20,000 people.

September 1965 the two sides agreed to an election and Juan Balaguer served from 1966 to 1978

The Dominican economy doubled while Balaguer was the first democratically elected President and he served for 10 years.

The uprising sparked the fight for democracy and The Dominican now is a Independent Nation with it's own government and constitution.

Sources:
http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/domrep2.htm
http://countrystudies.us/dominican-republic/14.htm

Brazilian Military Dictator

The Brazilian Military Government was the authoritarian military dictatorship that ruled Brazil from March 31, 1964 to the 15 in 1985. It started with the 1964 coup d’état that was led by the Armed Forced against the democratically elected government of the President João Goulart and ended when José Sarney took office.

It was formented by Magalhães Pinto, Ademar de Barros, and Carlos Lacerda. Brazil’s military regime provided a model for other military regimes and dictatorship around Latin-America, systematizing the ‘Doctrine of National Security,” which “justified” the military’s actions as operating in the intrest of National Security in a time of crisis, creating an intellectual basis upon which other military regimes relied.

 

  The Brazilian Armed Forces acquired great political clout after the Paraguayan War. The politicization of the Armed Forces was evidenced by the Proclamation of the Republic, which overthrew the Empire, or within Tenentismo and the Revolution of 1903.

Military Regimes in El Salvador (1931-1979)

General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez was installed as a president in December 1931, by a coup. He Ruled El Salvador's Military until he was overthrown by students, workers, and progressive military officers, in 1944. In the following years, the government was control continuously by the military officers. The economy became more diversified after World War II ended in 1945. In 1969 the economic and social problems of El Salvador contributed to the outbreak of war. Established in 1960, the Central American Common Market or CACM have increased the trading among the Central American states and had helped the El Salvadoran's industry expand.

http://www.free-country-flags.com/country.php?name=El_Salvador

Angellica Tibayan

10-28-14

Keira Sparrow

10/27/14

5B

 

Peru: How the military seized power in that nation and what eventually brought about its downfall

Velasco was the Peruvian army officer. In 1929 he joined the army as a common soldier and the next year won admission to the military academy. He graduated at the head of his class four years later. He believed Peru needed fundamental reforms, without them he feared the "peace" would be impoverished and would start a Marxist Revolution.  Velasco gained much support from many of the people that hated the IPC. The IPC( International Petroleum Company) that weakened in August 1928. In 1969 he began to make many reforms that were neither communist or capitalist. Velasco's  regime also reformed the school system, expanded the national pension program, provided low-cost medical  to the poor. Very quickly the succession of the regime nationalized the banking system, railroads, public utilities, the important fishmeal industry, and Peru's giant copper and iron mimes. His  reforms worked greatly for a while...Then the "downfall" began. In 1973, Velasco encountered severe problems. The mixed economy he created lacked the efficiency of capitalism and the discipline of communism. Waste and mismanagement in often ill-conceived programs, poor export prices, and a series of natural disasters brought a deepening economic recession. Everything went down hill.Crashing rapidly. Drastic measures eroded the government's popular support. It responded to public protest with brutal force and silenced peaceful criticism by seizing the nation's newspapers. Under the stress of adversity, the unity of the military coalition began to crack. Velasco's health failed, and he behaved meanly to the poor.

Brazil and the Military Regime of 1960s.

 
This is what has happened after the military has taken over the presidency from Gourlat. They over threw Gourlat shipped him out and took control.  “A majority of Brazilians were extremely satisfied and even relieved with the results. Political conservatives had genuinely feared the “godless” and “Communist” path they felt Goulart was leading them down, even marching by the hundreds of thousands in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo in demonstrations against Goulart “for love of God and liberty.” Many of the poor were tired of struggling to find basic foodstuffs and combating the inflation that was disproportionately affecting them. What is more, Brazilians overwhelmingly and firmly believed that the military intervention was justified as a temporary measure to “restore order,” and Brazil would soon return to democracy. However, that dream was a facade, as the military immediately began stripping individuals of their political rights and arbitrarily arresting, imprisoning, and torturing union leaders and other leftists, foreshadowing the greater repression, torture, and denial of basic political rights that would characterize the regime throughout the 1960s and 1970s. And so began Brazil’s military dictatorship, which would last twenty-one years, five presidents and one junta, and oversee the torture of thousands, the murder of hundreds, and the exile of tens of thousands of Brazilians between 1964 and 1985” (americasouthandnorth.com).