26th of July Movement Deshawn Eanes, Thomas Miles

Source: https://s3.amazonaws.com/piktochartv2-dev/v2/uploads/10255bc0-c371-498a-9882-192ce6aaf3de/78009224d1519de81e269aebf2d5967a0fa98cdc_original.jpg

The 26th of July Movement was a revolutionary movement that named after the failed attempt to attack the Moncada Barracks. It was led by Fidel Castro and it was overthrow Fulgencio Batista.

On December 2, 82 men sailed into Cuba on the boat Gamma from Tuxpan, Veracruz ready for a revolt. However, there were a few complications during the landing. First, they had landed in daylight, causing the Cuban Air Force to attack, and causing numerous casualties. After, the party split up into 2 groups into different parts. They were split up for 2 days, leaving most of their supplies behind. On top of that, they were also betrayed by their peasant guide in an ambush, causing more casualties. In all, out of the 82 men that landed, only 12 of them were able to meet back.

Anti-Batista, and liberals joined the M-26-7 Movement after Batista fled from Cuba. It was Joined by other bodies to form the Cuban Socialist Revolution, which soon became the Communist Party of Cuba in 1965

Raul Castro And The Revolutionary War- By: Sabrina Brazil & Makayla Barnes

Raul Castro was born on June 3rd, 1931 in Biran, Cuba.  Raul was a very troublesome child. Early on in school, he got expelled due to bad behavior along with his older brother, Fidel Castro. He spent most of his life in Fidel's shadow. Fidel was always the leader in some way, shape, or form, and Raul could never get ahead. Raul even killed his own close friend because Fidel ordered him to in 1989. Later on, Raul joined a socialist, political group and attended for communist youth in Vienna, Austria in 1935. Fidel was the Cuban Revolutionary leader and Raul spent most of his adult life assisting him. As Raul got older, he began to desire more power. In 1962, he was appointed Deputy Minister, than in 1972, became First Deputy Prime Minister. After that, he served as first Vice President of council of minister after his reign as Deputy Minister. Raul acted as a ruthless executioner during this time. Raul is now considered the world's longest serving defense minister. Fidel wanted Raul to become leader of Cuba once he died, and in October of 1997, Fidel finally made Raul successor. Raul was described by many to be more radical than Fidel, meaning he actually had an affect on what he did. In early 2013, Raul announced that he was stepping down from the political spotlight all of the sudden. After he competes in his second term, he said he will be retiring as leader of Cuba, which will be in 2018.

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/guevara_che.shtml

Che Guevara was born in Argentina. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna was his real name and he was a Cuban second in command to Castro himself. He came from a middle class family and studied at Buenos Aires University. He saw major poverty while he was traveling south and central America, this inspired him to do something about it and his plan of action was an armed revolution. In 1954 he went to mexico and the next year he met Castro. He helped in Castro's 26th of July movement and also lended a hand  in the removal of the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959. From 1959-1961 he was head of the National Bank of Cuba and then minister of industry. From this position he had a lot of international trips which in these trips, he strengthened Cuba's bond with the Soviet Union. With out help from America, Cuba's economy went down and thus he lost standings with other Cuban leaders. In 1965  Castro announced that Guevara had left Cuba. After some traveling, he was attempting to lead Bolivan rebel forces and was captured and killed on October 9, 1967

By Sam Wreh and Adolph M 

   

Chibas, Pazos, Castro Sierra Maestra Cuba 

The Manifesto to the People of Cuba was even more radical than History Will Absolve Me (which by the way was a 4 hour long speech by Batista as he made his claim in cort), even though it was based on the same key points. It was made from the July 26 Movement. Fidel Castro made the Manifesto in the year 1953. , in 1955 Batista released Castro from prison stating that, "He was not a threat," on May 15th. Castro's manifesto was his "claims" that he used to help get him out of jail by Batista's judgment when Batista was in charge of the country. 

  

It started a reform, a reduction in taxes, the reestablishment of labor laws, workers' and employees' sharing in company profits, the industrialization of the country, a brad program for building housing ad reducing rents, the nationalization of basic services, the development of education and culture. a reform of the judicial system and the confiscation of embezzled wealth.All in all, it helped tons of people and was an important help in the revolutin.

Socialism by Mykayla Story & Darnesjia Buford

The socialist revolution in Cuba began 45 years ago. There were many things that helped Cuba after the revolution, and it is believed that the leadership from the government is the only reason Cuba survived. Socialism is the theory or system of social organization that advocates for production, distribution, and exchange should be owned by the community as a whole. Despite all the poverty within the Cuban Revolution, Cuba defended the causes of the world from a socialist perspective. Before the revolution, Cuba was a playground where people gambled and wasted all their money, while workers and peasants had rough times. The Cuban economy was controlled by giant American monopolies. The Cuban Revolution was started due to Batista replacing the government with a socialist state. Batista was basically a dictator and more than 20,000 people died because of him. Batista was not able to carry out the tasks of the capitalist democratic revolution. The Russian Revolution demonstrated that the working class was able to lead the nation in completing these tasks, which in turn provided the spark for the beginning of the international socialist revolution.

Fidel Castro's Role in the Cuban Revolution by Brandon C. Morris and Jose Mendez

Fidel Castro's Role in the Cuban Revolution

By Brandon C Morris and Jose Mendez

Fidel Castro can be seen as the main instigator of the Cuban Revolution. Before his more well known reputation as a Revolutionist, Fidel Castro studied law at the University of Havana, being given this opportunity through being the illegitimate son of a wealthy plantation owner. In 1952, he had planned to run for a seat in the Cuban Senate. However, the elections were cancelled due to Batista's Coup. Before his success in 1959, Castro had attempted to spark an uprising in Cuba by leading a collection of students in an attack against military barracks near Santiago in 1953. Though this initial attempt ended in what could be called a disaster, he became a national hero, largely due to his four hour speech "La Historia Me Absolvena" that he gave during his trial. This lead to Castro actually getting pardoned by Batista, who did so in hopes to earn the people's admiration. This was probably one of the worst possible moves on Batista's behalf as Castro went into exile in Mexico where he began to train a new invasion force. Barely over a year after being pardoned, Castro returned with eighty men to invade Cuba. The original plan was for the men to land under the shroud of disorder caused by mainland riots instigated by members of the cause, but the two incidents did coincide and thus the men landed some time after the riots during the day and were immediately attacked. Only twelve of the landing troopers survived, regrouping in the Sierra Maestra Mountains. Despite this, Castro still managed to succeed in overthrowing Batista's rule and take control. For the first time in modern history, Cuba was given the chance to rule over itself with complete autonomy, without influence from the US or any other power being forced upon it. 

Herbert Matthews ..... Hero Or Villian?

BY; Heidi Liebert and Jared Gardner

                               Herbert Matthews                   Fidel Castro

Herbert trekked into the Sierra Maestre located in south-eastern Cuba, in 1957. He discovered and interviewed Fidel Castro. Which proved that Fidel was still alive. Herbert received a love-hate relationship from the people. Some people sympathized Herbert because he told of Castro's non-communist revolutionary plans. While other people claimed that Matthews worked towards communism, once Castro's plans turned for the far left. It so far that it was considered rigid and communistic. DePalma, which was New York Times correspondent, tells the career of Matthews and dismissed many of the myths that surrounded his interviews with Castro and his subsequent reporting on the Cuban revolution. Herbert L. Matthews didn't invent Castro, as he initially claimed with self-regard. As DePalma suggests, Castro's charm and will to power were such that he most likely would have triumphed without Matthews's notorious articles turning him into a romantic hero. On a separate note, the rabid Cuban exiles who continue to revile the reporter nearly 30 years after his death simply wanted to shoot the messenger.

• Herbert was born in 1/10/1900 in new York.
•  He died 7/30/77.
• He received his education at the Columbia University.
• He wrote several books that included Return To Cuba, The Cuban Story, and more.

Nationalism and the Cuban Revolution

http://toglobalist.org/2010/11/cubas-emerging-blogosphere/

Nationalism is the feeling of loyalty and pride in one’s country; it often comes with the belief that it is better and has more importance than other countries. The Cuban Revolution was a very nationalistic and anti-corruption movement. Cuba fought its own war and was able to successfully resist US pressure (brought to them by Fulgencio Batista).  An example of a nationalistic person (originally)  would be Fidel Castro who became a national hero and the platform of the Movimiento 26 de julio. He took extraordinary risks, assembled a guerrilla warfare, and fought with devotion to end Batista's control over Cuba. 

By: Chantel Rucker and Sarahi LG 

Ernesto "Che" Guevara

Picture: http://hdwpapers.com/che_guevara_hd_wallpaper-wallpapers.html

Ernesto "Che" Guevara was born into a middle class family in Rosario, Argentina, on 14th of June on 1928. He developed severe asthma early in life even though he was very active in his youth. In 1947, Guevara moved to Buenos Aires to care for his grandmother who later died, so he went to medical school. Out of the 82 men, who piled onto the yacht Granma in November of 1956, Guevara was one of them. They were tracked down and attacked by the security forces, when they made it to the mountains, which he got shot. He was an important person in the Cuban Revolution, second after Fidel Castro. Fidel Castro recruited Guevara while in Mexico. In 1967 Guevara has killed fighting in Bolivia, which made him become a national icon. As soon as he died, he became a legendary political figure. According to Biography.com, his name is often equated with rebellion, revolution and socialism.

~Angellica Tibayan & Jackey Sanchez

Sierra Maestra and the Cuban Revolution

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Maestra#mediaviewer/File:Pico_Torquino_in_the_Sierra_Maestra,_Cuba%27s_highest_mountain,_1974_meters.jpg

The mountains are located in in the southeastern portion of Cuba. The Sierra Maestra mountains served as a guerrilla military base under Fidel Castro durning the Cuban Revolution. After Castro was exiled to Mexico he returned to Cuba, seeking refuge in the mountains. The core leadership of the Cuban Revolution was based out of the mountains. The protection of the mountains provided the ideal stronghold for the rebels.

Revolution

                              Source: http://file1.npage.de/009011/59/bilder/castro-1.gif

 

 

Revolution- A drastic change in government or society from an opposing association

 

 

The Cuban Revolution started on July 1953 in hopes of bringing in a socialist state. Why was this considered a revolution? According to the definition, revolution is change coming from an opposing group. That being said Fidel Castro and the 26th Of July Movement along with his followers were this opposing group of associates. Their goal being to bring down their president at the time, Fulgencio Batista. Later becoming a successfully unsuccessful revolution. Successful because their armed forces brought down Batista on 1 January 1959. The organization was later not so much of a success due to its communist approach. This Communist party to this day still continues. His brother Raul continuing to rule from Fidel’s success. Fidel's Cuban Revolution will have changed their country forever. The effects of the Cuban revolution continues to effect the nation of Cuba to this day. Castro’s opposing government transformed the country’s wealth and society

Batista, Revolution

Source: http://www.elsalvador.com/mwedh/nota/nota_completa.asp?idCat=6376&idArt=3192732


     March 10th, 1952 Batista took over the Cuban government once again. He hosted a coup 3 months before the elections, to ensure to his win. Under Batista, Cuba became profitable for american business and organized crime. Havana became the "Latin Las Vegas", a playground of choice for wealthy gamblers,and and very little was said about democracy or the right to the average Cuban. Opposition was swiftly and violently crushed and many began to fear the new government. Just over a year after Batistas second coup, a small group of revolutionaries led by Fidel Castro attacked the Moncada Army Barracks in Santuiago on July 26,1953. The attack failed and Batista sent general Martin Tamayo, the commander of the district. Batista was so sure of his power that on May 15, 1955, he realeased Castro and thye remaining survivors of the Moncada attack. Castro leaves to Mexico to plan the revolution. After Batista loses the support of the US he starts to lose power.
                                                                                  By: Jennifer and Jasmine

José Julián Martí Pérez

      José Julián Martí Pérez

 

 

José Julián Martí Pérez was a national hero in Cuban and a very important figure in Latin literature. He was a very memeorable poet, essayist, journalist, revolutionary philosopher, a translator, professor, and a publisher political theorist. He became a symbol for Cuba's independence against Spain through his writings, and because of this he was known as the "Apostle of Cuban Independence." He had always dedicated his life for political independence from Cuba and promotion of liberty. When he died it sparked a revolt for Cuban independence from Spain. Other than his writing, he was a diplomat and a consul for many Latin American countries. He eventually became a delegate for the Cuban Revolutionary Party and he worked on plans for a revolution. He didn't want anyone becoming a dictator. He wanted to quickly change the Cuban government so that the American government wouldn't become involved. He didn't hate the United States but he didn't want them to take control of Cuba either, especially since it's so close to the U.S. Marti colaborated with two nationalist generals, Máximo Gómez and Antonio Maceo as he raised money for their efforts to free Cuba. Marti died on the 19th of May while fighting in Dos Rios. Cuba continued the war without him, but, unfortunately, they did not win until a few years later. He was not granted the opportunity of seeing Cuba win their revolution, despite fighting faithfully for it. He had left behind his wife named Carmen Zayas Bazán and they had a son together whom they named Jose.

~~ Brookelyn Zettler & Mariah Ashlee Merritt

Fidel Castro

 

 

                      Early Life

Born in Biran , Cuba on August 13, 1926.

Castro grew up in a wealthy family and attended private schools throughout Cuba

1947 started to seek social Justice went to the Dominican Rebuplic and tried to overthrow Rafael Trujillo

        The Cuban Revolution

 In 1948 Castro atttempted to run for paraliment under General Fulgencio Batista's regime but Batista canceled the election

 July 26, 1953 - Castro and 150 supporter tired to overthrow Batista , The attack failed and Castro was sentenced to 15 years in prison inside of jail.

In 1955 - Castro was released from his jail sentence , under an amnesty deal with the Batista government  that led to him being released to Mexico

Soon after Fidel Castro met Ernesto "Che" Guevara inside of Mexico , who both worked together and devised a plan to overthrow Batista using Gurelilla Warfare tactics aganist his army , they also trained their revoluntary army there and they soon began to target Batista

In 1958 Castro and his military began to wipe out the Cuban Governement after a series of attacks on military targets and in January, Batista fled to the Dominican Republic to escpae Castro's heavy influence inside of the cuban region

Castro then became the Commander in Chief of the Cuban Military

In Feb 1959 , Prime Minister Jose Miro resigned and Fidel Castro became the new Prime Minster of Cuba

Castro later became the Cuban President during 1976 and led until 2008 , his brother Raul Castro became the new president of Cuba




                                        

http://www.biography.com/#!/people/fidel-castro-9241487            http://www.vectors4all.net/vectors/fidel-castro-vector-illustration

Sugar Cane in Cuba and its Effect on the Cuban Revolution

Source: http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/burns/Unit_6_World/Cuba_sugar_harvest_ca1900_dbloc.GIF

Sugar cane, first introduced to Cuba in the 16th century by the Spaniards, has had a detrimental effect on the island's economic development, its foreign relations, and ultimately the history of this small island nation. Upon the introduction of slavery to Cuba in 1511, nearly 800,000 African slaves supplied labor to work the large plantations. When slavery was outlawed in Cuba in 1886 as a result of a Spanish royal decree, their descendants, as well as the arrival of many Haitian and Jamaican contract laborers, continued to work the plantations, producing 1/3 of the world's sugar production by the middle of the 19th century. As a result, the United States began to invest in the sugar-based economy, quickly purchasing land and mills in the American protectorate controlling nearly half of the sugar mills in Cuba between 1916 and 1919. Because Cuba's economy was wholly dependent on sugar and because most of the sugar plantations were in the hands of US investors or wealthy upper class Cuban elites, this created structural inequalities in the Cuban population. Finally, the United States level of investment was so high which caused the Cuban sugar markets to be closely tied to the United States. Therefore, when the US decided to reverse its previous decision to eliminate trade tariffs on imported sugar in 1984, the economic effect devastated the Cuban economy and set the stage for the social and political upheavals that occurs in twentieth-century Cuba.